Building block and xwall c construction



Feb. 22, 1927. LlSAZS R. F.- GREENE BUILPING BLOCK AAND WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Dec. 24, 1924 Patented Feb. 22, i927 'Unirse stares ROBERT F. GREENE, OF W'ABAN, MASSACHUSETTS.

BUILDING BLOCK AND WALL Consrnucrion.

Application filed December 24, 1924.

My invention relates to building blocks, particularly hollow tile blocks, and to wall construction in which these blocks are used.

Heretofore walls made of blocks, have been designed in various ways to resist the transmission ofheat and moisture. In general, these walls and blocks have been objectionable or impractical owing to their excessive cost, complicated struct-ure, mechanic-al weakness,.excessive weight of thevblocks, ldiiiiculty in assembling and aligning the blocks, or because of other diiiiculties.

One object of the present invention is to overcome the above difficultiesy and to provide a wall which eiificiently resists the transmission of heat and moisture.

Another object is to provide blocks, especially hollow tile blocks, of low cost and of easily and quickly assembled with other blocks or bricks for producing a wall of thek kind referred to.

In accordance with the present invention, a wall constructed of blocks is provided with ducts or air spaces along the s-eams between adjacent superposed blocks. These spaces are provided by V-shaped channels in one or both of the two load bearing` sides between adjacent superposed blocks, thevchannels providing with respect to the bearing faces of the blocks, air spaces of substantially triangular cross section. The location, form, and cross sectional area of these air .spaces are such as to increase the heat insullation of the wall, to resist the transmission of moisture through the wall andl to provide a block of maximum strength. This form offconstruction isf particularly applicable to hollow tile blocks. 40 One side wall of each channel defines a plane, 'preferably normal to the adjacent bearing` side to serve as a reenforcementfor the block along the side of an air space therein. `When av channel is provided in -both bearing sides of a block, one side wall of each channel defines the same plane, these side walls being extended'to form a flat we directly connecting the vertices of the channels. The two channels are preferably disposed at opposite sides of this plane, and .the web thusdivides the blocks into two symmetrical sections. rlhe symmetry of'this the Serial No. 757,866.

,theblocks being offset to interlock with the header courses.

These and other objects and features of invention will be understood more clearly in view of the following description and the accompanying drawing, in which:V

Fig. l is a perspective view partly ink section of a wall, and suitable form and strength, adapted to be Fig. 2 is a perspective view of an otlset block. v

lnFig. l, the wall 1 includes the brick .facing 2 backed by the superposed blocks 3,' 4t which may be solid or may be provided with parallellongitudinal hollow spaces or ducts, as shown. The blocks are preferably so positioned that the air spaces'thoreinand the seams between the load bearing` sides of the blocks are disposed horizontally. The hollow forms are conveniently made as tiles. The opposite sides lof any given block are preferably parallel tok each other.

Block 4 is 'preferably ottset so that space is provided between block 3 and the thin end 5 of block 4;. rlhe header courses 6' of the brick facing extend rearwardly between blocks 3 yand 4; and interlock therewith. The difference in height between the two ends of block t is preferably equal to the thickness of a header course. c

It is to be understood that the wall l may be extended indelinitely in vertical directions inthe manner shown, .that is, by adding alternatelyl a block 4- and a block 3 to those shown, and adding;l brick facingto match the blocks in the manner shown.

A channel 7 in each of the opposite bearing; sides of blocks 3, and a channel 8 in one of the bearing sides of blocks 4, are of V- shaped cross section and extend longitudinally of the blocks and wall, being parallel to the air spaces in the blocks. Each channel forms with respect to the adjacent bearing side of the block, a duct or air space of substantially triangular cross sect-ion; @ne side wall 9 of channel 8 is entend-ed as a flat web or wall lO to th-e opposite bearing sideof the block and forms a side wall for the thicker portion of the block. lllflall 9, preferably delines a plane normal to the bearing sides of the block and in this vposition provides maximum reenforcenient tor the load beai'ing sides'of the block.

In each block 3, the side wall 1l ot one channel 7 is connected directly with the side between the bearing sides. Block 8 is shown Y asbeiiig equal in height with tour courses 'ot bricks, but it may be o1 greater or less height, and is preferably of a height which is an integral multiple ot' the thickness ot one course of bricks. 1t desired, web 13 may be omitted, especially when block 3 is of less height than that shown. lt will be noted that blocks 3 and a are so positioned that webs 10 and 12 of the superposed blocks are iii alignment with each other in the plane delined by one of the side walls of each channel 7 or 8, the wall being thus reenitorced trom top to bottom by the direct support furnished by these webs acting in a vertical plane.

lVhen cement such as mortar is used in the seams ot the wall, channels 7 and 8 are lett substantially tree ot mortar. The mortar is preferably completely interrupted by an air space where channels 7 or 8 register with a seam. The mortar is also preferably omitted from the upper half oit the vertical seam between blocks t and header bricks 6, the resulting air space communicating with the air space 7 above it. Channel 8, in registering with channel 7 of the block 8 below,

fil

forms a combined air space ot triangular cross section. It will be noted that each brick in the facing is mortared to the backing.

The air spaces provided by channels 7 and S tend to collect water or moisture which enter the wall at any one point through the seams and tend to ditiuse the water or moisture by evaporation, or otherwise, so`

knumberof air spaces provided and for the resulting strength ot wall. Priort'orms el' blocks and walls require larger amounts of art. be patentable, are setforth in the appended nniterialv and are ot' greater weight than .isrequired by the present invention to obtainV trated and described herein, by way oteX- ample.

Various modifications of the invention will be apparent to one skilled in the Featuresk of my invention, believed to claims.

l claim 1. A hollow building block having twoV side walls disposed at anV angle withV respect l to each other to form a V, and a iiat web connecting the bearing sides of said block, said web constituting one of the side walls loi' each ot said channels.

2. A hollow building block having two bearing sides, a channel of V-sliaped cross section dividing each of said sides unequally, and a web directly connecting the vertices ot' said channels. f

A hollow building block having two bearing sides, a channel of V-shaped cross section dividing each of said sides unequally, and a web directly connecting the vertices ol" sain channels, said web dividing the block into two symmetrical sections.

di. il. hollow building block having twov said sides, one side wall of each of said channels defining the same plane, saidjchannels being disposed on opposite sides of said plane, a flat web connecting said side walls, and another web interconnecting saidV first mentioned web and the walls of the block.V

between said bearing sides at points substantially `midway between said sides. Y

1n a wall constructioma brick facing havingl a plurality of ordinary courses anda bonding course between said ordinary course-s, a backing ot' blocks having horizontal seams therebetween and having horizoiitally disposed air spaces extending therethrough, said bonding course being in- A terlocked with said blocks, each of the'bricks'V in said facing being mortaredto said back- Y ing, and a channel dividing one of the bearing sides of each of said blocks and providing an air space extending along the seam at Said bearing side parallel with the air spaces through said blocks, each vof said Channels having two sides disposed at an angle with respect to each other to form a V, one of said sides being normal to the corresponding bearing side of the block and extending directly to the opposite bearing 10 side of the block, said extending sides being in alignment With each other whereby a direct line of Vertical support is provided through said Wall.

In Witness whereof, I here subscribe my 15 naine this 22nd day of December, 1924.

ROBERT F. GREENE, 

